东方论坛—青岛大学学报（社会科学版）

先秦儒学的“和同之辨”为中华民族差异包容的文明观奠定了“和而不同”的思想根基。这一观念经过汉唐时期的实践深化与宋明理学的理论建构，逐渐形成了兼具伦理维度与实践弹性的文明观传统。当代中国面向世界提出的全球文明倡议，以“差异共生”为精神内核，其“尊重文明多样性”“弘扬全人类共同价值”等核心命题，体现了对传统“和而不同”思想的创造性转化与创新性发展。从先秦儒学的“和而不同”思想到全球文明倡议的文明观演进，呈现出鲜明的历史连续性：既延续了“差异包容、平等互鉴、和谐共生”的精神内核，更实现了从哲学思辨向制度建构、从文化自觉向全球治理实践的时代性跨越，为理解中华文明观的历史脉络与当代发展提供了重要线索。

The “debate on harmony versus uniformity” in pre-Qin Confucianism laid the ideological foundation of “harmony in diversity” for the Chinese nation’s civilization perspective that embraces diversity.Through practical application during the Han and Tang dynasties and theoretical construction in Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism,this concept gradually evolved into a tradition of civilization that encompasses both ethical dimensions and practical flexibility.The Global Civilization Initiative proposed by contemporary China to the world,with “coexistence in diversity” as its spiritual core,embodies the creative transformation and innovative development of the traditional concept of “harmony in diversity” through its core propositions such as “respecting the diversity of civilizations” and “promoting the common values of humanity”.The evolution from the pre-Qin Confucian idea of “harmony in diversity” to the civilization perspective of the Global Civilization Initiative demonstrates a distinct historical continuity:it not only perpetuates the spiritual essence of “embracing diversity,promoting equality and mutual learning,and fostering harmonious coexistence”,but also achieves a contemporary leap from philosophical discourse to institutional construction,and from cultural consciousness to global governance practices.This provides important insights for understanding the historical context and contemporary development of the Chinese civilization perspective.